ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes mellitus [DM] is one of the most common metabolic diseases in humans, affecting 100 million people around the world
Objective: Investigating the effects of Citrullus colocynthis pulp on oxidant and antioxidant factors of testes and epididymis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups eight each: 1] N [normal] group, 2] N+C group, 3] D [diabetic] group and 4] D+C group. Groups N and D received normal saline 2 ml orally for two weeks and groups N+C and D+C received 10 mg/kg.bw Citrullus colocynthis pulp orally for two weeks. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin [STZ] at 65 mg/kg
Results: D group had a significant increase in H2O2 [Hydrogen peroxide] and MDA [malondialdehyde] concentrations, and CAT [catalase] activity, and also a significant decrease in Peroxidase [POD] activity compared to N group. D+C group had a significant decrease in H2O2 and MDA concentrations and, CAT activity and significant increase in POD activity compared to D group
Conclusion: Citrullus colocynthis pulp in two weeks had beneficial effects on oxidants and antioxidants changes in reproductive system in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
ABSTRACT
Menetrier's disease is a rare cause of hypertrophic gastropathy that is usually confined to the gastric body and fundus. It is characterized by giant rugae, hypoalbuminemia, and foveolar hyperplasia. Here we report the case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with epigastric pain, postparandial nausea-vomiting, and weight loss. Paraclinic evaluation revealed hypoalbuminemia and hypochromic microcytic anemia. Gastroscopy and barium meal study showed diffuse polypoid, nodular lesions that affected the entire stomach, invaginating into the duodenum, leading to partial duodenal obstruction. The histologic, radiologic and endoscopic findings fulfilled the diagnosis of Menetrier's disease. To the best of our knowledge, gastroduodenal intussusception by Menetrier's disease has been rarely described in the literature
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Intussusception , Duodenal Diseases , Stomach Diseases , Gastroscopy , BariumABSTRACT
Renal reperfusion injury is associated with increased mortality and morbidity due to acute kidney failure. Oxidative stress induced with renal reperfusion affects glomeruli and tubular epithelium through reactive oxygen species; therefore, the use of medicinal plants appears rational for improvement of reperfusion effects. The aim of present study was to examine the preventive effect of garlic juice [Allium sativum] on renal reperfusion injury in rats. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control, garlic, sham [right nephrectomy], reperfusion, and reperfusion+ garlic groups. After right nephrectomy, renal ischemia and reperfusion were induced. At the end of the experiment, all rats were killed and kidney function tests and histopathological examination were performed. Reperfusion increased serum urea and fractional excretion of sodium levels, while it decreased urine potassium levels and creatinine clearance. However, garlic juice significantly decreased serum urea levels in the reperfusion+ garlic group compared with the reperfusion group [P < .001]. Preteatment with garlic juice also resulted in significant increase in urine potassium [P=.03] compared to reperfusion. Fractional excretion of sodium and creatinine clearance were also improved. On histological examination, rats pretreated with garlic juice had nearly normal morphology. The results of this study showed that garlic juice significantly prevented renal reperfusion-induced functional and histological injuries
ABSTRACT
This study compared histological and immunohistochemical changes of cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with meglumine antimoniate, imiquimod, and the combination of both therapies. Single blind clinicopathological studies of fifteen patients with old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kerman, Iran were included. A total of four patients received a combination of imiquimod [5% cream] and intra-lesional meglumine antimoniate weekly for four weeks. Monotherapy with imiquimod was given to seven patients and four patients were treated with meglumine antimoniate intralesionally. Histological confirmation was performed before and during therapy. Semi-quantitative histological parameters such as numbers of mixed inflammatory cells [cells/mm[2]] and percentages of Langerhans cells [CD1a+], T-cells [CD3+], B-cells [CD20+], and macrophages [CD68+] were calculated immunohistochemically in the dermis and adjacent epidermis. Topical imiquimod significantly reduced mean histiocytic cellular aggregation size [P<0.05]. Meglumine antimoniate reduced parasite load and infected activated histiocytes in the dermis [P<0.05]. Meglumine antimoniate therapy decreased epidermal CD3+ lymphocytes but increased them in the dermis, within the granulomas [P<0.05]. During topical application of imiquimod a depletion of CD1a+ dendritic cells in the epidermis [P<0.05] and slight predominance of dendritic cells in the dermis were observed. Combined therapy and imiquimod monotherapy decreased CD68+ macrophages in the dermis [P<0.05]. Meglumine antimoniate decreases parasite load with considerable effect on up-regulation of T-cells, which demonstrates that meglumine antimoniate works as parasitocidal and immunomodulator, which could be as the first line of treatment. Imiquimod, accentuates the host immune response and reduces granuloma size which could be effective immunomodulator for combination therapy. Monotherapy of imiquimod is less effective than the two other regimens in decreasing parasite load, inflammation and congestion at the inoculated site